The share of influence of factors determining the state of public health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Background. The relevance of the study is explained by insufficient knowledge of the determinants of health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim. To study the share of influence of factors that determine the state of public health in the context of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Material and methods. A sociological research method was used - in 2021, an anonymous survey of 42 expert healthcare managers, who were asked to determine the share of influence of determinants on the state of public health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, was conducted. After the completion of the survey, its results were compared with those obtained without a pandemic in 2017. Since the data distribution corresponded to the Gauss-Newton binomial curve, the significance of differences was assessed using the parametric Student's t-test. Results. It has been established that the structure of the influence of health determinants in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic differs significantly from that without it. During a pandemic, the share of factors in the "Lifestyle” group decreases by 1.75 times, and it is no longer a priority, but occupies the third ranking place. Out-of-group determinants, which were in second position, take the first place. The second ranking place with a growth of 1.60 times is occupied by the "Conditions of life and work” group. The share of influence of each of the considered 37 determinants of health was assessed - multidirectional changes, for example, an increase in the responsibility of the authorities for actions and equity in relation to the health of the population from the "General Factors” group and a decrease in six of the seven determinants of the "Lifestyle” group, were identified. Continuation of the study is possible with regard to the formation of a separate block in the design of the appropriate optimization technology. Conclusion. A significant change in the structure of the influence of the public health determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison with the data obtained before the onset of this pandemic, has been established. © Eco-Vector, 2023. All rights reserved.

Determinants of health during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the expediency of implementing intersectoral interaction on public health protection in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic with an impact on health determinants that haven't been sufficiently studied. The aim of the work is to study the list and significance of health determinants in the conditions of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Material and methods. An expert survey of forty nine healthcare managers was conducted. The criteria for the selection of experts included management experience in the field of health protection, the level of self-assessment of competence, and congruence of opinions. The list and significance of determinants of health in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic were compared with the data obtained before its occurrence. Results. The list of health determinants that are sufficiently significant for the COVID-19 pandemic was established to include the same 37 factors as without it. However, important differences were identified. The significance of most determinants of health (64.9%) in a pandemic exceeds the borderline level of 7.0 points on a 10-point scale, that is, significant (without a pandemic – 16.2%). At the same time, priority factors determining the health of the population are widely represented in all groups of determinants and among non-group ones (without a pandemic – only in the "Lifestyle” group and "heredity” determinant). The consequence was that during a pandemic, the significance of 70.3% of the determinants of health statistically significantly exceeds that of the same factors without it, the opposite picture was recorded only in relation to 5.4% of the factors (the rest don't differ). Limitations. In the study of the determinants of health in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the opinion of healthcare managers whose quantitative and qualitative parameters meet the requirements for experts was evaluated. Conclusion. The data obtained expand the understanding of the scientific apparatus for implementing health-saving activities in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2022 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved.

[SECTORS INVOLVED IN PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC].

The article develops a research agenda for cross-sectoral collaboration on the issues of public health. The aspects of this collaboration are not scientifically founded during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the research is to study the inventory of the sectors involved in public health in the Russian Federation during the COVID-19 pandemic and to put in perspective their importance. An anonymous survey of 49 experts - health service managers was made. The respondents were asked to identify the inventory of the sectors involved in public health and to voice their opinion on their importance during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the survey were compared to the results obtained before the pandemic. The results of the study suggest that 23 sectors should always be involved in public health both during the COVID-19 pandemic and without it. The sectors are of relatively equal importance. However, the sectors of the inventory are ranked differently in the order of importance during the pandemic and without it. A statistically significant difference in the analysed characteristic feature is noted. The article develops a research agenda for further studies and provide implications for health-service managers.

Sanitary and hygienic aspects of the covid-19 self-isolation

Introduction: Self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic is a temporary measure to limit the spread of infection. All citizens arriving from abroad to Russia must comply with the rules of self-isolation. Since April 2, 2020, almost all citizens of the Russian Federation have followed the rules of self-isolation. Also, this month in the Russian capital, Moscow, about 6 million citizens have isolated themselves. In general, in the territory of Russia, the number of citizens on self-isolation reached 100 million. Billions of citizens around the world are staying at home due to the self-isolation regime, so a sanitary assessment must be considered. Self-isolation, characterized by physical inactivity, hypoxia, diet disturbances, lifestyle changes during work / rest, mental stress;this provides an opportunity to identify the presence of public health risk factors and contributes to an increase in the incidence of No Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Purpose of the Study: Carrying out a sanitary-hygienic assessment of COVID-19 self-isolation, determining priority risk factors causing non-infectious diseases, and proposing preventive measures. Objectives: To Identify public health risk factors during self-isolation. To conduct a comprehensive hygienic assessment of self-isolation according to the priority criteria. To develop a pointing system (hygiene index for self-isolation). To propose measures to minimize health risks during self-isolation. Materials and Methods: We used analytical, and systematization approaches. Information from the legal documents of the hygienic-sanitary laws of the Government of the Russian Federation (nutrition hygiene, hygiene of workforce, children, and teenagers). World Health Organization COVID-19 documents. Research Results: We assessed the sanitary-hygienic aspects of self-isolation to identify the leading risk factors on public health, and as a result, we proposed hygienic criteria for self-isolation. We developed a hygienic self-isolation index point score (HSIPS) that considers the Russian law-based requirements for diet, work, rest, and physical activities. Thus, the usage of those hygienic standards is beneficial to prevent public health risks in ordinary and extremely challenging conditions of self-isolation. We proposed measures to minimize risks during self-isolation, and we based them on adequate sanitary-hygienic standards. The main sanitary-hygienic risk factors of self-isolation are: sedentary lifestyle, hypoxia, nutritional deficiencies (malnutrition), and work/rest imbalance. Conclusion: We proposed a sanitary-hygienic definition of self-isolation. We identified leading risk factors for public health of the self-isolated population. We proposed sanitary-hygienic criteria for assessing self-isolation based on the regulations and standards of the Government of the Russian Federation. We developed a hygienic self-isolation index point score (HSIPS), which determines that the optimal mode is directly proportional to the coefficients of a person’s physical activity (D), indoor area (air cubic capacity) per isolated (S), time spent in fresh air (T) and inversely proportional to the calorie intake. We proposed measures to prevent noncommunicable diseases (NCD) for citizens on self-isolation. © 2020 Mitrokhin et al.